Seismic response is the study of how structures and materials respond to seismic waves generated by earthquakes. This research area focuses on understanding how buildings, bridges, and other structures behave during an earthquake, and how they can be designed to withstand seismic forces. Researchers in this field often use computer models, physical testing, and field observations to study the impact of earthquakes on structures and develop strategies for improving their seismic performance. The goal of seismic response research is to enhance the resilience of infrastructure and reduce the risk of damage and loss of life during seismic events.